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         <titleStmt>
            <title>Wuthering Heights</title>
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            <p>
               <bibl>
                  <author> Emily Bronte</author>
                  <date>1847</date>
                  <note type="genre">Gothic Romance</note>
               </bibl>
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         <sourceDesc>
            <p>
               <title>Chapter 4</title>
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         <p>What vain weather-cocks we are! I, who had determined to hold myself independent of all
            social intercourse, and thanked my stars that, at length, I had lighted on a spot where
            it was next to impracticable—I, weak wretch, after maintaining till dusk a struggle with
            low spirits and solitude, was finally compelled to strike my colours; and under pretence
            of gaining information concerning the necessities of my establishment, I desired Mrs.
            Dean, when she brought in supper, to sit down while I ate it; hoping sincerely she would
            prove a regular gossip, and either rouse me to animation or lull me to sleep by her
            talk. “You have lived here a considerable time,” I commenced; “did you not say sixteen
            years?” “Eighteen, sir: I came when the mistress was married, to wait on her; after she
            died, the master retained me for his housekeeper.” </p>
          <p>  “Indeed.” There ensued a pause. She
            was not a gossip, I feared; unless about her own affairs, and those could hardly
            interest me. However, having studied for an interval, with a fist on either knee, and a
            cloud of meditation over her ruddy countenance, she ejaculated—“Ah, times are greatly
            changed since then!” “Yes,” I remarked, “you’ve seen a good many alterations, I
            suppose?” “I have: and troubles too,” she said. “Oh, I’ll turn the talk on my landlord’s
            family!” I thought to myself. “A good subject to start! And that pretty girl-widow, I
            should like to know her history: whether she be a native of the country, or, as is more
            probable, an exotic that the surly indigenae will not recognise for kin.” </p>
          <p>  With this
            intention I asked Mrs. Dean why Heathcliff let Thrushcross Grange, and preferred living
            in a situation and residence so much inferior. “Is he not rich enough to keep the estate
            in good order?” I inquired. “Rich, sir!” she returned. “He has nobody knows what money,
            and every year it increases. Yes, yes, he’s rich enough to live in a finer house than
            this: but he’s very near—close-handed; and, if he had meant to flit to Thrushcross
            Grange, as soon as he heard of a good tenant he could not have borne to miss the chance
            of getting a few hundreds more. It is strange people should be so greedy, when they are
            alone in the world!” “He had a son, it seems?” “Yes, he had one—he is dead.” “And that
            young lady, Mrs. Heathcliff, is his widow?” “Yes.” </p>
           <p> “Where did she come from originally?” </p>
          <p>  “Why, sir, she is my late master’s daughter: Catherine Linton was her maiden name. I
            nursed her, poor thing! I did wish Mr. Heathcliff would remove here, and then we might
            have been together again.” “What! Catherine Linton?” I exclaimed, astonished. But a
            minute’s reflection convinced me it was not my ghostly Catherine. “Then,” I continued,
            “my predecessor’s name was Linton?” “It was.” “And who is that Earnshaw: Hareton
            Earnshaw, who lives with Mr. Heathcliff? Are they relations?” </p>
          <p>  “No; he is the late Mrs.
            Linton’s nephew.” “The young lady’s cousin, then?” “Yes; and her husband was her cousin
            also: one on the mother’s, the other on the father’s side: Heathcliff married Mr.
            Linton’s sister.” “I see the house at Wuthering Heights has ‘Earnshaw’ carved over the
            front door. Are they an old family?” “Very old, sir; and Hareton is the last of them, as
            our Miss Cathy is of us—I mean, of the Lintons. Have you been to Wuthering Heights? I
            beg pardon for asking; but I should like to hear how she is!” </p>
          <p>  “Mrs. Heathcliff? she
            looked very well, and very handsome; yet, I think, not very happy.” “Oh dear, I don’t
            wonder! And how did you like the master?” “A rough fellow, rather, Mrs. Dean. Is not
            that his character?” “Rough as a saw-edge, and hard as whinstone! The less you meddle
            with him the better.” “He must have had some ups and downs in life to make him such a
            churl. Do you know anything of his history?” “It’s a cuckoo’s, sir—I know all about it:
            except where he was born, and who were his parents, and how he got his money at first.
            And Hareton has been cast out like an unfledged dunnock! The unfortunate lad is the only
            one in all this parish that does not guess how he has been cheated.” “Well, Mrs. Dean,
            it will be a charitable deed to tell me something of my neighbours: I feel I shall not
            rest if I go to bed; so be good enough to sit and chat an hour.” “Oh, certainly, sir!
            I’ll just fetch a little sewing, and then I’ll sit as long as you please. But you’ve
            caught cold: I saw you shivering, and you must have some gruel to drive it out.” The
            worthy woman bustled off, and I crouched nearer the fire; my head felt hot, and the rest
            of me chill: moreover, I was excited, almost to a pitch of foolishness, through my
            nerves and brain. This caused me to feel, not uncomfortable, but rather fearful (as I am
            still) of serious effects from the incidents of to-day and yesterday. She returned
            presently, bringing a smoking basin and a basket of work; and, having placed the former
            on the hob, drew in her seat, evidently pleased to find me so companionable. * * * * *
          </p>
        <p>    Before I came to live here, she commenced—waiting no farther invitation to her story—I
            was almost always at Wuthering Heights; because my mother had nursed Mr. Hindley
            Earnshaw, that was Hareton’s father, and I got used to playing with the children: I ran
            errands too, and helped to make hay, and hung about the farm ready for anything that
            anybody would set me to. One fine summer morning—it was the beginning of harvest, I
            remember—Mr. Earnshaw, the old master, came downstairs, dressed for a journey; and,
            after he had told Joseph what was to be done during the day, he turned to Hindley, and
            Cathy, and me—for I sat eating my porridge with them—and he said, speaking to his son,
            “Now, my bonny man, I’m going to Liverpool to-day, what shall I bring you? You may
            choose what you like: only let it be little, for I shall walk there and back: sixty
            miles each way, that is a long spell!” </p>
        <p>    Hindley named a fiddle, and then he asked Miss
            Cathy; she was hardly six years old, but she could ride any horse in the stable, and she
            chose a whip. He did not forget me; for he had a kind heart, though he was rather severe
            sometimes. He promised to bring me a pocketful of apples and pears, and then he kissed
            his children, said good-bye, and set off. It seemed a long while to us all—the three
            days of his absence—and often did little Cathy ask when he would be home. Mrs. Earnshaw
            expected him by supper-time on the third evening, and she put the meal off hour after
            hour; there were no signs of his coming, however, and at last the children got tired of
            running down to the gate to look. Then it grew dark; she would have had them to bed, but
            they begged sadly to be allowed to stay up; and, just about eleven o’clock, the
            door-latch was raised quietly, and in stepped the master. He threw himself into a chair,
            laughing and groaning, and bid them all stand off, for he was nearly killed—he would not
            have such another walk for the three kingdoms. </p>
          <p>  “And at the end of it to be flighted to
            death!” he said, opening his great-coat, which he held bundled up in his arms. “See
            here, wife! I was never so beaten with anything in my life: but you must e’en take it as
            a gift of God; though it’s as <tc:racedesc type="explicit">dark almost as if it came
               from the devil</tc:racedesc>.” We crowded round, and over Miss Cathy’s head I had a
            peep at a <tc:racedesc type="explicit">dirty, ragged, black-haired</tc:racedesc>child;
            big enough both to walk and talk: indeed, its face looked older than Catherine’s; yet
            when it was set on its feet, it only stared round, and repeated over and over again some
            gibberish that nobody could understand. I was frightened, and Mrs. Earnshaw was ready to
            fling it out of doors: she did fly up, asking how he could fashion to bring that
               <tc:racedesc type="explicit">gipsy</tc:racedesc> brat into the house, when they had
            their own bairns to feed and fend for? What he meant to do with it, and whether he were
            mad? The master tried to explain the matter; but he was really half dead with fatigue,
            and all that I could make out, amongst her scolding, was a tale of his seeing it
            starving, and houseless, and as good as dumb, in the streets of <tc:racecontext
               type="historical">Liverpool</tc:racecontext>, where he picked it up and inquired for
            its owner. </p>
         <p>   Not a soul knew to whom it belonged, he said; and his money and time being
            both limited, he thought it better to take it home with him at once, than run into vain
            expenses there: because he was determined he would not leave it as he found it. Well,
            the conclusion was, that my mistress grumbled herself calm; and Mr. Earnshaw told me to
            wash it, and give it clean things, and let it sleep with the children. Hindley and Cathy
            contented themselves with looking and listening till peace was restored: then, both
            began searching their father’s pockets for the presents he had promised them. The former
            was a boy of fourteen, but when he drew out what had been a fiddle, crushed to morsels
            in the great-coat, he blubbered aloud; and Cathy, when she learned the master had lost
            her whip in attending on the stranger, showed her humour by grinning and spitting at the
               <tc:racedesc type="explicit">stupid little thing</tc:racedesc>; earning for her pains
            a sound blow from her father, to teach her cleaner manners. They entirely refused to
            have it in bed with them, or even in their room; and I had no more sense, so I put it on
            the landing of the stairs, hoping it might be gone on the morrow. By chance, or else
            attracted by hearing his voice, it crept to Mr. Earnshaw’s door, and there he found it
            on quitting his chamber. </p>
         <p>   Inquiries were made as to how it got there; I was obliged to
            confess, and in recompense for my cowardice and inhumanity was sent out of the house.
            This was Heathcliff’s first introduction to the family. On coming back a few days
            afterwards (for I did not consider my banishment perpetual), I found they had christened
            him “Heathcliff”: it was the name of a son who died in childhood, and it has served him
            ever since, both for Christian and surname. Miss Cathy and he were now very thick; but
            Hindley hated him: and to say the truth I did the same; and we plagued and went on with
            him shamefully: for I wasn’t reasonable enough to feel my injustice, and the mistress
            never put in a word on his behalf when she saw him wronged. He seemed a sullen, patient
            child; hardened, perhaps, to ill-treatment: he would stand Hindley’s blows without
            winking or shedding a tear, and my pinches moved him only to draw in a breath and open
            his eyes, as if he had hurt himself by accident, and nobody was to blame. This endurance
            made old Earnshaw furious, when he discovered his son persecuting the poor fatherless
            child, as he called him. He took to Heathcliff strangely, believing all he said (for
            that matter, he said precious little, and generally the truth), and petting him up far
            above Cathy, who was too mischievous and wayward for a favourite. </p>
           <p> So, from the very
            beginning, he <tc:racedesc type="implied">bred bad feeling</tc:racedesc> in the house;
            and at Mrs. Earnshaw’s death, which happened in less than two years after, the young
            master had learned to regard his father as an oppressor rather than a friend, and
            Heathcliff as a usurper of his parent’s affections and his privileges; and he grew
            bitter with brooding over these injuries. I sympathised a while; but when the children
            fell ill of the measles, and I had to tend them, and take on me the cares of a woman at
            once, I changed my idea. Heathcliff was dangerously sick; and while he lay at the worst
            he would have me constantly by his pillow: I suppose he felt I did a good deal for him,
            and he hadn’t wit to guess that I was compelled to do it. However, I will say this, he
            was the quietest child that ever nurse watched over. The difference between him and the
            others forced me to be less partial. Cathy and her brother harassed me terribly: he was
            as uncomplaining as a lamb; though hardness, not gentleness, made him give little
            trouble. He got through, and the doctor affirmed it was in a great measure owing to me,
            and praised me for my care. I was vain of his commendations, and softened towards the
            being by whose means I earned them, and thus Hindley lost his last ally: still I
            couldn’t dote on Heathcliff, and I wondered often what my master saw to admire so much
            in the sullen boy; who never, to my recollection, repaid his indulgence by any sign of
            gratitude. </p>
         <p>   He was not insolent to his benefactor, he was simply insensible; though
            knowing perfectly the hold he had on his heart, and conscious he had only to speak and
            all the house would be obliged to bend to his wishes. As an instance, I remember Mr.
            Earnshaw once bought a couple of colts at the parish fair, and gave the lads each one.
            Heathcliff took the handsomest, but it soon fell lame, and when he discovered it, he
            said to Hindley— “You must exchange horses with me: I don’t like mine; and if you won’t
            I shall tell your father of the three thrashings you’ve given me this week, and show him
            my arm, which is black to the shoulder.” Hindley put out his tongue, and cuffed him over
            the ears. “You’d better do it at once,” he persisted, escaping to the porch (they were
            in the stable): “you will have to: and if I speak of these blows, you’ll get them again
            with interest.” “Off, dog!” cried Hindley, threatening him with an iron weight used for
            weighing potatoes and hay. </p>
        <p>    “Throw it,” he replied, standing still, “and then I’ll tell
            how you boasted that you would turn me out of doors as soon as he died, and see whether
            he will not turn you out directly.” Hindley threw it, hitting him on the breast, and
            down he fell, but staggered up immediately, breathless and white; and, had not I
            prevented it, he would have gone just so to the master, and got full revenge by letting
            his condition plead for him, intimating who had caused it. “Take my colt, <tc:racedesc
               type="explicit">Gipsy</tc:racedesc>, then!” said young Earnshaw. </p>
         <p>  “And I pray that he
            may break your neck: take him, and be damned, you beggarly interloper! and wheedle my
            father out of all he has: only afterwards show him what you are, imp of Satan.—And take
            that, I hope he’ll kick out your brains!” Heathcliff had gone to loose the beast, and
            shift it to his own stall; he was passing behind it, when Hindley finished his speech by
            knocking him under its feet, and without stopping to examine whether his hopes were
            fulfilled, ran away as fast as he could. I was surprised to witness how coolly the child
            gathered himself up, and went on with his intention; exchanging saddles and all, and
            then sitting down on a bundle of hay to overcome the qualm which the violent blow
            occasioned, before he entered the house. I persuaded him easily to let me lay the blame
            of his bruises on the horse: he minded little what tale was told since he had what he
            wanted. He complained so seldom, indeed, of such stirs as these, that I really thought
            him not vindictive: I was deceived completely, as you will hear.</p>
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